Introduction
The question of whether Jesus is God or a prophet has been a subject of theological debate for centuries. One verse that is often referenced in this discussion is John 5:30, where Jesus says:
"By myself I can do nothing; I judge only as I hear, and my judgment is just, for I seek not to please myself but him who sent me." (John 5:30, NIV)
This verse may initially appear to suggest a distinction between Jesus and God. However, a closer examination of the surrounding context and other biblical passages can provide a more comprehensive understanding.
1. Jesus' Dependence on the Father
In John 5:30, Jesus emphasizes His complete reliance on the Father. Some interpret this as evidence that Jesus is not God. However, this dependence is best understood in light of the doctrine of the Trinity — the belief that God exists as three persons: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.
Philippians 2:6-7 supports this understanding: "Who, being in very nature God, did not consider equality with God something to be used to his own advantage; rather, he made himself nothing by taking the very nature of a servant."
Jesus, though fully God, willingly took on human nature and submitted to the Father’s will.
2. Jesus' Divine Authority
While Jesus acknowledges His submission to the Father, the Gospel of John also highlights His divine authority.
John 5:21-23: "For just as the Father raises the dead and gives them life, even so the Son gives life to whom he is pleased to give it. Moreover, the Father judges no one, but has entrusted all judgment to the Son."
This demonstrates Jesus’ divine power over life and judgment, attributes that belong to God alone.
3. Jesus' Unity with the Father
Jesus consistently claims unity with God, affirming His divine nature.
John 10:30: "I and the Father are one."
John 14:9: "Anyone who has seen me has seen the Father."
These declarations assert that Jesus shares in the divine essence of God.
4. Jesus as the Sent One
Jesus’ frequent reference to being sent by the Father, including in John 5:30, reflects His divine mission.
John 3:17: "For God did not send his Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through him."
While prophets were sent by God, Jesus is uniquely identified as the Son of God with authority and power beyond that of any prophet.
Conclusion
John 5:30 reflects Jesus' humility and obedience as the incarnate Son of God. Far from diminishing His divinity, this verse highlights the relationship within the Trinity. Jesus, though fully God, submitted to the Father’s will for the sake of humanity’s salvation. Understanding this balance of divine authority and willing submission affirms the belief in Jesus as both God and Savior, not merely a prophet.
Ultimately, the broader testimony of Scripture supports the divinity of Jesus while recognizing His earthly role as the obedient Son sent by the Father for the redemption of humankind.
